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Rolling Stock

1. Introduction

Rolling Stock refers to the trains or cars that play a vital role in urban transportation by providing fast, reliable, and comfortable travel options within city subway systems. These trains are tailored to the needs of urban commuters, ensuring efficient movement within densely populated areas while contributing to reducing traffic congestion and environmental pollution.

2. CMRL Phase 1 & Phase 1 Extension Rolling Stock

2.1 General Description:

In The Chennai metro Phase 1 & Phase 1 Extension project, there are a total of 52 trainsets available for operations. Each train consists of four cars comprising TWO Driving Motor Cars (DMC1 and DMC2) and TWO Trailer Cars (TC1 and TC2) powered by a 25 kV electrical system. These cars are made of stainless steel, and equipped with a sophisticated Microprocessor-based Train Control and Monitoring System (TCMS) for efficient operation and monitoring. The trains are connected to the grid via overhead electric cables and are equipped with regenerative braking with a capacity to recover 30–35% of the energy during braking.

These trains are designed to operate in Automatic Train Operation (ATO) mode, advanced technologies for safe and efficient operation, including Automatic Train Control (ATC) systems and Automatic Train Protection (ATP) systems. The trains are equipped with state-of-the-art signalling and communication systems to ensure smooth and reliable service for passengers. The grade of operation for CMRL Phase 1 trains is GoA2, offering modern and comfortable transportation for commuters in Chennai.

The maximum design speed of the train is 90 kmph, while the maximum operational speed is at 80 kmph. With a jerk rate of 0.70+0.05 m/s^3, the acceleration and deceleration processes are managed smoothly, prioritizing passenger comfort. Additionally, the train boasts a robust maximum tractive effort of approximately 250 kN, ensuring sufficient power for propulsion and overcoming resistance during operation.

These vehicles are tailored to meet the demands of high capacity, with a 1276-passenger capacity at crush loading. They come equipped with features like air conditioning, automated doors, a suspension system for improved comfort, a passenger information system, and advanced safety systems to ensure passenger comfort and security.

2.2 Emergency and Safety features:

The safety and security of passengers are paramount concerns for any public transportation system, and Chennai Metro Rail Limited (CMRL) spares no effort in ensuring the highest standards. With a commitment to providing a secure travel experience, every aspect of CMRL trains is engineered with passenger safety in mind, thereby CMRL sets a benchmark for safety standards in the mass transit systems of Chennai.

  • Emergency Evacuation ramps: Two light-weight emergency evacuation ramps per car are securely stowed near the emergency door for emergency evacuation which bridges the gap between the train door and the walkway.
  • Internal Emergency Egress Device: One passenger doorway on each side of each car is fitted with an internally mounted, bi-stable, manual emergency egress device, which shall have two positions ‘normal’ and ‘emergency release’.
  • External Emergency Passenger Door Release Device: One passenger doorway on each side of the car shall be capable of being opened manually, without the assistance of power, using an externally mounted non-lockable bi-stable manual emergency door release device to release the mechanical door latch.
  • Crew Switch: A Crew Switch to open and close car side doors electrically is provided on each side of the coach at one door location.
  • Video Surveillance System (CCTV): Four CCTV cameras are available in every car of the train and hence 16 cameras per 4-car train. These cameras monitor the interior saloon for video surveillance. Station platforms will have CCTV cameras for observing passengers on the platforms and provide visual assurance to the driver that the coach passenger side doors are clear for departure
  • Fire Fighting Equipment: Firefighting equipment is provided inside each passenger saloon at a convenient location. One Fire extinguisher is provided in the cab area and two two extinguishers in the saloon area per car are provided.
  • Passenger Emergency Communications: A two-way emergency intercom is provided to enable passengers to initiate hands-free communications with the Train Operator in an emergency.
  • Flasher light: This is an external light when lit and flashing shall be able to attract attention in case of emergencies.
  • Emergency lighting system in the saloon: 100% of the lamps, evenly distributed over the saloon area, remain illuminated and energized at 110 V DC from the battery in the event of a main auxiliary power failure.
  • Door System Indicators: Located on each side of each car, a lamp is provided to indicate if any passenger or non-controlling cab door is not fully closed and latched on that car, or if a manual emergency release device has been operated.
  • Collision Buffers: The Car ends are designed in a manner that allows the absorption of collision energy in a progressive manner with an anti-climbing device.
  • Lightning Arrestor: Gapless-type lightning arrestors are provided on the roof close to the pantograph for protection against voltage transients caused by lightning or system switching.
2.3 Features designed for the ease of differently abled:

Recognizing the importance of ensuring equitable access to public transportation, CMRL has implemented a range of amenities designed to enhance the travel experience for passengers with varying mobility requirements.

  • Seating for differently-abled persons: Seats are designated for disabled passengers with proper signage available in train.
  • Wheel-chair parking space in Trains: 2 wheel-chair storage spaces per train, each in The Driver’s Motor Car adjacent to an accessible entrance. Signages outside and inside the train for passengers to locate the space.
  • Wheel-chair egress request signal: A wheelchair egress request button is provided near the wheel-chair space to permit a wheelchair passenger to alert the Operator to stop the Train Operator for a prolonged time to enable wheelchair passengers to exit the train.
  • Level boarding: between platforms and trains for easy transit of wheelchairs and mobility-impaired passengers. Floor levels are uniformly maintained for transit between cars of the train.
  • Dynamic route map: Electronic route map with electronic flash light provided above the doors alternatively showing direction of travel, current station and next station
  • Passenger announcements: Announcements and Chimes during door opening and closing, announcements of current, next station, and other passenger announcements are being made in the trains.
  • Doors and gangway: Through-way of 1400 mm in doors and 1410 mm in gangway
  • CMRL Helpline: In case of any help/emergency, passengers can contact CMRL through the CMRL helpline number – 1860 425 1515 which is displayed inside the train.

3. Phase 2 Rolling Stock:

For Phase 2 of Chennai metro project, 138 trains are planned to be procured with each train consisting of 3-cars each. The trains will feature the Driverless mode of Train Operation with GoA-4 grade Automation, marking a significant advancement in Railway technology in India. With a design speed of 90 km/h and an operational speed of 80 km/h, these trains will offer efficient and swift transportation.

The configuration consists of three cars: a Driving Motor Car (DMC), a Trailer Car (TC), and another Driving Motor Car (DMC), optimizing passenger capacity and operational flexibility. Each car boasts a stainless-steel car body, measuring 67.8 meters in length and 2.9 meters in width, ensuring durability and safety. With this configuration, each three-car train accommodates a maximum of approximately 1000 passengers, providing ample capacity to meet commuter demands efficiently.

  • The Passenger-Centric Features of the train are designed to prioritize comfort, convenience, and safety for all passengers such as Wide gangway Seamless Passenger Movement, Air-Conditioned Environment, Special provisions are made for women and differently abled passengers, ensuring their comfort and accessibility, Perch seats are available for standing passengers or those requiring additional support, ensuring a comfortable travel experience for all, CCTV Surveillance, Charging Sockets
  • Women-Friendly Features: Special Allocated Area designated women-friendly area ensures a comfortable and secure environment for female passenger with Color-Coded Grab Handles are used to distinguish the ladies’ area, making it easily identifiable. Also, Lower Height Grab Handles in the women’s area are installed at a lower height for easy access and convenience.
  • Inclusive Features for Differently Abled Passengers such as a dedicated space with a support handle is provided for wheelchair passengers, ensuring their safety and comfort during the journey and a long wait press button in the wheelchair area allows differently abled passengers to request longer halts at stations for convenient boarding and disembarking.
  • Real-Time Information and Entertainment LCD Screens above each door, these screens display real-time route maps, aiding passengers in navigation throughout the journey. Side LCD screens offer supplementary information and entertainment options, enhancing the overall passenger experience onboard.
  • Passenger Announcement and Communication to OCC:
    1. Advanced passenger announcement systems are installed in driverless trains to provide timely updates and information dissemination to passengers throughout the journey.
    2. Additional Passenger Emergency Intercom (PEI) devices are provided to facilitate direct communication between passengers and the Operations Control Centre (OCC), ensuring quick response to any passenger concerns or emergencies.
  • Technological Advancements:
    1. Improved humidity control is integrated to enhance passenger comfort throughout the journey.
    2. Microprocessor-controlled brakes offer precise and efficient braking operations, ensuring safety and reliability.
    3. Secondary air-suspension systems are implemented to provide advanced ride comfort, minimizing vibrations and disturbances.
    4. Improved safety features are provided in train doors for enhanced passenger safety during boarding and disembarking.
    5. Each door is equipped with a door indicator to display door closing and opening status, ensuring passenger awareness and safety.
    6. Energy efficiency is achieved through regenerative electric braking, contributing to overall sustainability, and reducing environmental impact.
  • Safety Measures:
    1. On-board fire and smoke detection systems are installed to ensure immediate response during unforeseen circumstances, prioritizing passenger safety.
    2. A front emergency evacuation door system is implemented to facilitate swift evacuation in emergencies.
    3. Fire extinguishers are strategically placed under the seats for quick access and efficient fire suppression.
    4. Trains are equipped with obstacle and detrainment detectors to identify obstacles and potential derailments, enhancing safety measures.

    • 4. Conclusion

    Chennai Metro Rail Limited (CMRL) through renowned rolling stock manufacturers has developed cutting-edge rolling stock for urban transportation. With Phase 1 and Phase 1 Extension trains featuring advanced safety systems and accommodations, CMRL ensures a comfortable commute for passengers. Looking ahead to Phase 2, the introduction of driverless trains promises enhanced efficiency and passenger experience. CMRL’s commitment to innovation continues to shape Chennai’s transit landscape, offering reliable and sustainable urban mobility solutions. In essence, CMRL’s rolling stock exemplifies a modern and forward-thinking approach to urban mass transit.

Last Updated On : July 15, 2024